Vaporizing carburetor



Wvi. @Wm, W yiw E. l. PEARSON VAPORIZING CARBURETOR Filed Aug 2. 1913 Oct. 21, 1924.-

Patented Get. 21, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD I. PEARSON, OF TOLEDO, OHIO.

VAPORIZING GARBURETOR.

' Application filed August 2-, 1919. Serial-No. 814,867.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD I. PEARSON, a

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful vaporizing Carburetor; and I do hereby declare following tobe a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others; skilled in -thejart to whichit assessing tomake 'aiId uSe'the' same, reference-being had to the accompa'ny' p The inlet passage 4 is provided with a coning. drawings and to the characters of reference marked thereon which form apart of thisgspecification...

This i connection with internal combustion 'enginestoyapprizealiquid fuel therefor and mix in"u1t'able roportion with air preparatory to in troducmg into the engine.

The primary object of my invention is the provision of a simple, efiicient and inexpensive vaporizing carburetor of the class described which utilizes the hot exhaust gases "from the engineto effect a thorough vaporiz'ation of the liquid fuel employed to operate the engine, and which is so constructed that fuel is carried to a minimum of vaporized the engine or cylindersv by the. inrushing air .with which it is mixed, thereby materially economizing on the useof fuel.

The invention is fully a"; lasagna-4 at,

lowing specification andlal lpreferred;and.

modified form thereof is" illustrated in the accompanying'drawings, in which,

Figure-1 is an enlarged central vertical sectional 'view' of the vaporizing carburetor takeif'onthe line 1-1 in Fig. 2 with parts in Fig. 2 is'a reduced section on the. line-,2-j- -2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on a the line 3-3' in Fig. 2, and. Fig.4 is a ver-' tical section of the vaporizing carburetor similar to Fig. 1with afloat controlled 1i uid fuel feed. 7 v v ferring to-the drawings, 1 designates a casing of circular form transversely of its axis and ofv narrow or flattened form longi- I H tudinally of its axis, and which is formed 1 f at opposite sides of 'its'axis with extensions .2 and 3 providing'inlet and outlet passages 14 and 5, respectively, in connection with a mixing chamber 6 formed by the casing 1.

The mixing chamber 6 is made in the form of an annulus by the axial extension therethrough of a tubular wall or casing 7 forming a passage 8 and adapted to be connected with the exhaust port or manifold of 'e tionrelatesto ineaii'sforfuse in the casing 7. The exhaust tube 7 is preferablyat leastas'large in diameter as the inlet and exhaust passagesd fllldf 5 and is interposed therebetween so that substantially all of the air' which is drawn through the device from the atmosphere is caused to have contact with and be heated bythe tube or casing 7.

trol'valy'e 9, which, in the present instance, is pivotedg to the casing at one side of said passage and is adapted to be regulated to "open the-passage 4 to any desired extent.

The device when in use is preferably placed with its central exhaust passage 8 horizonally disposed. and the liquid fuel is introduced into the chamber 6 at the upper side of the exhaust tube 7 and preferably adjacent to the air inlet 4. In Fig. 1 a feed nozzle 10 is projected into and suitably connectedwith a feed nipple 11 which is threadinto or otherwise suitably connected to the casing 1 with its passage in communication with the upper rear portion of the mixing chamber 6, as shown. The nozzle.10 is connected to any suitable source of li uid fuel supply and the feed therethroug is controlled by a needle valve 12.

It is preferable in practice to provide a plurality of small air inlet passages 13 through the wall of the nipple 11 with their inner ends' opening adjacent to the discharge end of the nozzle 10 whereby the liquid as it passes from the nozzle is picked up and carried into the mixing chamberby the inrushing air and partially broken u thereby. The liquid fuel as it is discharge into-the mixing chamber 6 comes in contact with the hot exhaust casing 7 and with the heated air gabove the same and l is quickly'and effectively" vaporized so that it forms a-vaporized fuelgcloud-in the upper portion or branch of. the mixing I chamis found in practice that. the air 'as it rushes in andthrou gh the device from the casing.7 and carrying the vaporized fuel cloud with it, passes under said casing "through the lower branch of the mixing chamber and has contact with the forward end portion of the r vaporized fuel cloud and only carries such portion with it into berasfdesignatedby the scroll lines It p the engine cylinder. This action effects a material saving in fuel and is found in practice to cause an efficient running of the associated engine 1 A U-shaped tube 1 1 has one leg tapped into the bottom of the casing 1 in communication with the lower portion of the mixing chamber 6 for furnishing auxiliary air y and has its other end opening to the atmos- 7 chamber as the efiicient running of the e phere and terminating substantially on a plane with the lower edge of the exhaust casing 7 and below the bottom plane-of the passages A and 5. Preparatory to starting the engine a small quantity of liquid fuel is permitted, to accumulate in the lower portion of the mixing chamber 6 and in the tube 14. Uponstarting the engine the air is drawn into the mixing chamber throughthe tube 14 and up throughthe liquid fuel in the bottom of said chamber so that the air is saturated 'with the fuel and the fuel is partially vaporized by the rushing of the air therethrough. When the engine has been run 'a very ,short time the exhaust casing '2' through the device becomes highly heated so that the fuel discharging into the mixing chamber is thoroughly vaporized and carried to the cylinder in such form. The main air in-' let -valv e 9 should then. bezopened thetdesired extent to permit the desired quantity of air to enter and pass through the mixing gin'eumay require.

- In Fig. 4 the liquid feed to the mixing chamber of the device is through a float chamber '15, the feed of fuel to which is controlled by a float valve 16, as well understood in the art. In this form of the invention the outer end of the air inlet extension 2 is directed downwardly; as shown at 17, and

the outer end of theinlet passage 4 there-'- through is normally closed by a valve 18 which is adapted to openinwardly under the engine suction against the tension-of A. lever 20 is ful a closing spring 19. crumed inthe passage 4 and hasone end provided with a valve 21 adapted to close the passage 22 between the' float chamber 15 and the mixing chamber 6 of the carburetor while the other end of the lever is in enga ement with the inner side of the valve 18 w liereby an inward or opening movement of said valve imparts movement to the lever 20 and a consequent opening of the valve 21. A spring 23 acts on the lever 20 to normally retain its valve 21 in closed position.

The design of vaporizing carburetor which l[ have shown is adapted particularly for use-on a single cylinder engine, the outlet-extension 3' of the carburetor being anled to adapt it for connection with the inst port of the cylinder and the tube 7 being positioned and adapted at its inner end for connection with the exhaust port of the cylinder. It will be understood, however, that the parts 3 and 7 may be suitably arranged and adapted for connection with the respective inlet and exhaust manifolds of an engine. of the multiple cylinder type.

It is found in practice that a very eficient and economical running of an engine can be obtained by the use of my improved vaporizing carburetor on account of this thorough vaporization of the liquid fuel in the mixing chamber and the manner of passage of the mixing air through said chamber so that the fuel vapor instead of being bodily carried to the engine .by the suction action of the air rushing through the mixing chamber is only partially carried'thereto by the sweeping action which the inrushing heated air has against the forward edge portion of the vaporized fuel cloud, as illustrated crudely in Fig. 1.

I wish it understood that my invention is not limited to any specific construction, arrangement or form of the parts as it is capable of numerous modifications without departing from the spirit of the claims.

.Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is,'

r 1. lin a vaporizing carburetor, means forming apassage for exhaust gases and a passage around said first passage transverse to its longitudinal axis and adapted to have communication at one side of the exhaust ,,pa ssage with the atmosphere and at the other side of-the exhaust passage with an engine cylinder, and means for introducing liquid fuel into said second passage and against the wall of the exhaust assage at one side of a plane which is longitudinal to the exhaust passage and extends therefrom centrally of the main air inlet end of the second passage. p v

2. In a vaporizing carburetor, means forming a cylindrical passage for exhaust gases and a passage around the exhaust passage transverse to its longitudinal axis and adapted to have valve controlled communication at one side of the exhaust passage with'the atmosphere and at the other side thereof with an engine cylinder, means for introducing liquid fuel into the second passage and against the wall of the exhaust passage at one side of a plane longitudinal to the exhaust passage axis and radially therefrom centrally of the air inlet end of the second passage whereby the liquid fuel will be vaporized in one branch of the second passage at one side of the exhaust passage and air will pass through another branch of the second passage at the opposite side of the exhaust passa e, and a U- shaped tube having one en openin into the bottom of the second passage slow the exhaust passage and its other end open to the atmosphere at a point above the other end of the tube.

3. In a vaporizing carbureter, means.

forming a valve controlled air passage adapted to have communication-at one end with the atmosphere and at its other end with the vaporized fuel intake of an engine, said passage having an annular enlargement intermediate its ends with its axis transsize which merge at opposite sides of the pipe, and means for introducing liquid fuel into one of said branches intermediate its ends whereby vaporized fuel passes through one branch and air passes through the other branch of the air passage.

forming an all passage adapted to have communication at one end with the atmosphere and at its other end with the vaporized fuel intake of an engine, anexhaust pipe extending transveresely through said passage intermediate its ends to intercept air in its passage therethrough and dividing the passage into separate upper and lower branches having their ends merging at opposite sides of the exhaust pipe, means for introducing liquid fuel into the upper branch of the passage intermediate its ends whereby the vaporized fuel substantially fills and passes through the upper branohiand the inrushing air passes through the lower'branch and mixes with the "aporized fuel at theengine intake side of the exhaust pipe, and a pipe forming an auxiliary air inlet opening lnto the bottom ofthe lower branch and having its inlet end disposed above its outlet end.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto slgned my name to this specification. 4. In a 'VEIPOIlZlIlg carburetor, means 7 EDWARD I. PEARSON. 

